Yintoni intsimbi kwaye yenziwa njani?
Xa i-Iron idityaniswe nekhabhoni kunye nezinye izinto ibizwa ngokuba yintsimbi.I-alloy yesiphumo inezicelo njengeyona nto iphambili yezakhiwo, iziseko, izixhobo, iinqanawa, iimoto, oomatshini, izixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo.Ukusetyenziswa kuninzi ngenxa yokuqina kwentsimbi ephezulu kunye nexabiso eliphantsi.
Ifunyenwe ngubani?
Imizekelo yokuqala yentsimbi iye yafunyanwa eTurkey kwaye yaqala ngo-1800BC.Imveliso yanamhlanje yentsimbi ibuyele kuSir Henry Bessemerof eNgilani owafumanisa indlela yokuvelisa thina umthamo ophezulu kunye neendleko eziphantsi.
IQela leNsimbi leJindalai nguMvelisi ohamba phambili kunye noMthengisi ngaphandle kwentsimbi yentsimbi engatyiwayo/icwecwe/ipleyiti/umcu/umbhobho.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwentsimbi kunye nentsimbi?
Intsimbi yinto eyenzeka ngokwendalo efumaneka kwindalo ngaphakathi kwentsimbi yentsimbi.Intsimbi yomelele kune-Iron, ine-tension engcono kunye neempawu zoxinzelelo.
Zeziphi iimpawu zentsimbi?
● Intsimbi inamandla aphezulu okuqina
● Ithambile – ivumela ukuba ibunjwe ngokulula
● Ukuqina - ukuvumela ukuba intsimbi imelane namandla angaphandle.
● I-conductivity – ilungile ekufakeni ubushushu nombane, iluncedo kwi-cookwaware nakwiingcingo.
● I-Luster - intsimbi inembonakalo ekhangayo, esiliva.
● Ukumelana neRust – ukongezwa kwezinto ezahlukeneyo ngokweepesenti ezahlukeneyo kunokunika intsimbi ekwimo yentsimbi engatyiwayo kwaye iyakwazi ukumelana nomhlwa.
Yeyiphi eyomeleleyo, yintsimbi okanye iTitanium?
Xa idityaniswe nezinye iintsimbi ezifana ne-aluminiyam okanye i-vanadium, i-titanium alloy yomelele kuneentlobo ezininzi zentsimbi.Ngokwamandla apheleleyo, ezona ngxubevange ze-titanium zibetha eziphantsi ukuya kudidi oluphakathi.Nangona kunjalo, ibakala eliphezulu lensimbi engenasici linamandla kune-titanium alloys.
Zeziphi ezi 4 iintlobo zentsimbi?
(1) Intsimbi yeCarbon
Iintsimbi zeCarbon ziqulethe i-Iron, iCarbon, kunye nezinye izinto ezixutywayo ezifana neManganese, iSilicon, kunye neCopper.
(2) Intsimbi yentsimbi
Iintsimbi ze-alloy ziqulethe i-alloy metals eziqhelekileyo ngokwemilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo, eyenza olu hlobo lwensimbi lufaneleke kwizicelo ezithile.
(3) Intsimbi engatyiwa
Nangona iintsimbi ezingenasici ziquka i-alloys ezininzi zetsimbi, zihlala ziqulethe i-10-20 yepesenti ye-chromium, eyenza ibe yinto ephambili yokudibanisa.Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo zentsimbi, iintsimbi ezingenastainless zimalunga namaxesha angama-200 ukumelana nokurusa, ngakumbi iintlobo eziqulathe ubuncinci be-chromium ye-11 ekhulwini.
(4) Isixhobo sentsimbi
Olu hlobo lwentsimbi ludityaniswe kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu kwaye kaninzi luqulathe iintsimbi ezinzima njenge tungsten, cobalt, molybdenum, kunye ne vanadium.Ekubeni azikwazi nje ukumelana nobushushu kodwa zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala khona.
Leliphi elona bakala linamandla?
I-SUS 440- inqanaba eliphezulu lentsimbi yokusika enepesenti ephezulu yekhabhoni, inokugcinwa okungcono kakhulu komphetho xa iphathwe ngokufanelekileyo ubushushu.Inokuthi yenziwe lukhuni ukuya kuthi ga kwi-Rockwell 58 ubulukhuni, iyenze ibe yenye yeyona ntsimbi ilukhuni engatyiwayo.
Kutheni intsimbi ingabizwa ngokuba yintsimbi?
Omnye wemibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo malunga nentsimbi kukuba kutheni intsimbi ingafakwanga njengentsimbi?Intsimbi, i-alloy kwaye ngoko ke ingeyiyo into ecocekileyo, ayisiyiyo iteknoloji yesinyithi kodwa inguqu kwenye endaweni yoko.Inxalenye yenziwe ngentsimbi, intsimbi, kodwa ngenxa yokuba nayo inekhabhoni engeyiyo isinyithi kwimichiza yayo yokwenza imichiza, ayisiyontsimbi esulungekileyo.
Loluphi uhlobo olusetyenziswa kakhulu?
304 iStainless Steel okanye SUS 304 elona bakala lixhaphakileyo;i-classic 18/8 (18% chromium, 8% nickel) insimbi engenasici.Ngaphandle kwe-US, ngokuqhelekileyo kwaziwa ngokuba yi-"A2 stainless steel", ngokuhambelana ne-ISO 3506 (akufunekanga ibhidaniswe ne-A2 isixhobo sensimbi)
Ngaba intsimbi yinto ezinzileyo?
Intsimbi yinto ezinzileyo ekhethekileyo kuba xa sele yenziwe ingasetyenziswa, njengentsimbi, ngonaphakade.Insimbi ihlaziywa ngokungenasiphelo, ngoko ke utyalo-mali ekwenzeni intsimbi alunakuze luchithe kwaye lunokuxhaswa ngezizukulwana ezizayo.
Ezinye iinyani ezinomdla malunga nentsimbi
● Ngoxa intsimbi iyomelele ngokwayo, intsimbi inokomelela izihlandlo ezili-1000 kunentsimbi.
● Umhlwa wentsimbi uyacotha okanye ude ume xa umbane udlula entsimbini.Oku kwaziwa njengoKhuseleko lweCathodic kwaye isetyenziselwa imibhobho, iinqanawa, kunye nentsimbi kwikhonkrithi.
● Intsimbi yeyona nto isetyenzisiweyo kuMntla Merika – kufutshane ne-69% yayo iyarisayikilishwa ngonyaka, nto leyo engaphezu kweplastiki, iphepha, ialuminiyam neglasi zidityanisiwe.
● Intsimbi yaqala ukusetyenziswa kwizakhiwo eziphakamileyo ngonyaka we-1883.
● Kuthatha ngaphezu komthi wemithi engama-40 ukwenza ikhaya elenziwe ngamaplanga - ikhaya elenziwe ngentsimbi lisebenzisa iimoto ezisi-8 ezihlaziyiweyo.
● Imoto yokuqala yentsimbi yenziwa ngowe-1918
● Iintsimbi ezingama-600 okanye iinkonkxa zetoti zihlaziywa ngokutsha ngomzuzwana ngamnye.
● Iitoni ezingama-83 000 zentsimbi zasetyenziselwa ukwenza iBhulorho yeGolden Gate.
● Ubungakanani bamandla ayimfuneko ukuvelisa itoni yentsimbi iye yanqunyulwa phakathi kwiminyaka engama-30 edluleyo.
● Kwi-2018, imveliso yentsimbi ekrwada yehlabathi iphelele kwi-1,808.6 yezigidi zeetoni.Loo nto ilingana nobunzima be-180,249 ye-Eiffel Towers.
● Kusenokwenzeka ukuba okwangoku ungqongwe yintsimbi.Isixhobo sasekhaya esiqhelekileyo senziwe ngama-65% eemveliso zetsimbi.
● Intsimbi ikwizixhobo ze-elektroniki!Kuzo zonke izinto ezenza i-avareji yekhompyutheni, malunga ne-25% yayo yintsimbi.
I-Jindalai Steel Group- umenzi owaziwayo wesinyithi eTshayina.Ukufumana ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-20 yophuhliso kwiimarike zamazwe ngamazwe kwaye ngoku sinemizi-mveliso emi-2 enomthamo wemveliso ongaphezu kweetoni ezingama-400,000 ngonyaka.Ukuba ufuna ukufumana ulwazi oluninzi malunga nezixhobo zetsimbi, wamkelekile ukuba uqhagamshelane nathi namhlanje okanye ucele isicatshulwa.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-19-2022