Yintoni intsimbi kwaye yenziwa njani?
Xa intsimbi ixutywe nekhabhoni nezinye izinto, ibizwa ngokuba yintsimbi. Ingxubevange ephumayo isetyenziswa njengeyona nto iphambili kwizakhiwo, kwiziseko zophuhliso, kwizixhobo, kwiinqanawa, kwiimoto, kwiimashini, kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo nakwizixhobo. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo kuninzi ngenxa yokuba intsimbi inamandla amakhulu okutsalwa kunye neendleko eziphantsi.
Ngubani owayifumanisayo?
Imizekelo yokuqala yentsimbi ifunyenwe eTurkey kwaye isusela kwiminyaka yoo-1800BC. Imveliso yanamhlanje yentsimbi isusela kuSir Henry Bessemerus waseNgilani owafumanisa indlela yokuvelisa ngobuninzi obuphezulu nexabiso eliphantsi.
IJindalai Steel Group nguMvelisi ohamba phambili kunye noMthumeli ngaphandle wentsimbi engenasici, i-coil/sheet/plate/strip/pipe.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kweNsimbi neNsimbi?
Intsimbi yinto eyenzeka ngokwendalo efumaneka kwindalo ngaphakathi kwi-Iron Ore. Intsimbi yeyona nto iphambili kwiNtsimbi, eyi-alloy yentsimbi eyongeziweyo kwiNtsimbi. Intsimbi inamandla kune-Iron, ineempawu zokuxinana ngcono kunye nokucinezelwa.
Zithini iimpawu zentsimbi?
● Intsimbi inamandla aphezulu okutyhala
● Iyakwazi ukunyibilika – ivumela ukuba ibunjwe lula
● Ukuqina – ukuvumela intsimbi ukuba imelane namandla angaphandle.
● Ukuqhuba umbane – ilungile ekudluliseleni ubushushu nombane, iluncedo kwizitya zokupheka kunye neentambo.
● I-Lustre – intsimbi inembonakalo entle nesilivere.
● Ukumelana Nomhlwa – ukongezwa kwezinto ezahlukeneyo ngeepesenti ezahlukeneyo kunokunika intsimbi ngendlela yentsimbi engagqwaliyo ukumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu.
Yeyiphi enamandla, yintsimbi okanye yititanium?
Xa ixutywe nezinye izinyithi ezifana ne-aluminium okanye i-vanadium, i-titanium alloy inamandla kuneentlobo ezininzi zentsimbi. Ngokuphathelele amandla apheleleyo, ii-titanium alloys ezilungileyo zibetha iintsimbi ezingenasici ezikumgangatho ophantsi ukuya kophakathi. Nangona kunjalo, intsimbi engenasici ekumgangatho ophezulu inamandla kunee-titanium alloys.
Ziziphi iintlobo ezine zentsimbi?
(1) Intsimbi yekhabhoni
Iintsimbi zekhabhoni ziqulathe i-Iron, iCarbon, kunye nezinye izinto ezidibanisa i-alloying ezifana neManganese, iSilicon, kunye neCopper.
(2) Intsimbi ye-alloy
Iintsimbi ze-alloy ziqulathe iintsimbi ze-alloy eziqhelekileyo ngomlinganiselo owahlukeneyo, nto leyo eyenza olu hlobo lwentsimbi lufaneleke kwizicelo ezithile.
(3) Intsimbi Engagqwaliyo
Nangona iintsimbi ezingenasici ziqulathe ii-alloys ezininzi zesinyithi, zihlala ziqulathe i-10-20% ye-chromium, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe yeyona nto iphambili yokudibanisa. Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo zentsimbi, iintsimbi ezingenasici zimelana nokugqwala ngokuphindwe ka-200, ingakumbi iintlobo eziqulethe ubuncinane i-11% ye-chromium.
(4) Intsimbi yezixhobo
Olu hlobo lwentsimbi luxutywa kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu kwaye ludla ngokuba neentsimbi eziqinileyo ezifana ne-tungsten, i-cobalt, i-molybdenum, kunye ne-vanadium. Ekubeni zingamelani nobushushu kuphela kodwa zihlala ixesha elide, iintsimbi zezixhobo zihlala zisetyenziselwa izixhobo zokusika nokugrumba.
Leliphi ibakala elinamandla kakhulu?
I-SUS 440 – eyintsimbi yokusika ekumgangatho ophezulu enepesenti ephezulu yekhabhoni, inokugcina imiphetho engcono kakhulu xa ilungiswa kakuhle ngobushushu. Ingaqiniswa ibe bubunzima obumalunga neRockwell 58, nto leyo eyenza ibe yenye yentsimbi engenasici enzima kakhulu.
Kutheni intsimbi ingabizwa ngokuba yintsimbi?
Omnye wemibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo malunga nentsimbi kukuba kutheni intsimbi ingafakwanga kudidi lwentsimbi? Intsimbi, ekubeni iyi-alloy kwaye ngenxa yoko ayisiyonto icocekileyo, ayisiyontsimbi kodwa yindlela eyahlukileyo kwenye endaweni yayo. Yenziwe ngesinyithi, isinyithi, kodwa ngenxa yokuba ikwanayo nekhabhoni engeyiyo isinyithi kwimilo yayo yeekhemikhali, ayisiyontsimbi icocekileyo.
Loluphi uhlobo olusetyenziswa kakhulu?
I-304 Stainless Steel okanye i-SUS 304 yeyona ntlobo ixhaphakileyo; intsimbi engagqwaliyo yeklasikhi eyi-18/8 (18% chromium, 8% nickel). Ngaphandle kwe-US, yaziwa kakhulu ngokuba yi-"A2 stainless steel", ngokuhambelana ne-ISO 3506 (akufuneki idideke ne-A2 tool steel)
Ngaba intsimbi yinto ehlala ixesha elide?
Intsimbi yinto ehlala ixesha elide kuba xa sele yenziwe, ingasetyenziswa njengentsimbi ngonaphakade. Intsimbi iphinda isetyenziswe ngokungenasiphelo, ngoko ke utyalo-mali ekwenzeni intsimbi alunakuze luchithwe kwaye lunokusetyenziswa zizizukulwana ezizayo.
Ezinye izinto ezinomdla malunga nentsimbi
● Nangona intsimbi iyinto eqinileyo ngokwayo, intsimbi inokuba namandla aphindwe kayi-1000 kunentsimbi.
● Ukugqwala kwentsimbi kuyehla okanye kuyeke ngokupheleleyo xa umbane udlula kwintsimbi. Oku kwaziwa ngokuba yiCathodic Protection kwaye kusetyenziswa kwiipayipi, iinqanawa, kunye nentsimbi kwikhonkrithi.
● Intsimbi yeyona nto iphinda isetyenziswe kakhulu eMntla Melika – phantse i-69% yayo iphinda isetyenziswe minyaka le, nto leyo ethetha ukuba ingaphezulu kweplastiki, iphepha, i-aluminium kunye neglasi zidibene.
● Intsimbi yaqala ukusetyenziswa kwizakhiwo ezinde ngonyaka we-1883.
● Kuthatha ngaphezulu kwemithi engama-40 ukwenza ikhaya elinophahla lwemithi – indlu enophahla lwentsimbi isebenzisa iimoto ezisi-8 ezisetyenzisiweyo.
● Imoto yokuqala yentsimbi yenziwa ngonyaka we-1918
● Iingqayi zentsimbi okanye zetin ezingama-600 ziyaphinda zisetyenziswe rhoqo ngomzuzwana.
● Iitoni ezingama-83,000 zentsimbi zasetyenziswa ukwenza iGolden Gate Bridge.
● Ubungakanani bamandla afunekayo ukuvelisa itoni yentsimbi buncitshiswe ngesiqingatha kwiminyaka engama-30 edlulileyo.
● Ngowama-2018, imveliso yentsimbi ekrwada yehlabathi yayifikelela kwiitoni ezili-1,808.6 lezigidi. Oko kulingana nobunzima bee-Eiffel Towers ezimalunga ne-180,249.
● Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ujikelezwe yintsimbi okwangoku. Isixhobo esiqhelekileyo sasekhaya senziwe ngama-65% eemveliso zentsimbi.
● Intsimbi ikwakho nakwizinto zakho ze-elektroniki! Kuzo zonke izinto ezenza ikhompyutha eqhelekileyo, malunga nama-25% ayo yintsimbi.
IJindalai Steel Group- ngumvelisi odumileyo wentsimbi egalelweyo eTshayina. Inamava eminyaka engaphezu kwama-20 yophuhliso kwiimarike zamazwe ngamazwe kwaye okwangoku ineefektri ezimbini ezinomthamo wemveliso ongaphezulu kweetoni ezingama-400,000 ngonyaka. Ukuba ufuna ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nezixhobo zentsimbi, wamkelekile ukuqhagamshelana nathi namhlanje okanye ucele ikowuteshini.
UMNXEBA WOQHAGAMSHELWANO:+86 18864971774I-WECHAT: +86 18864971774I-WhatsApp:https://wa.me/8618864971774
I-IMEYILE:jindalaisteel@gmail.com sales@jindalaisteelgroup.com IWEBHUSAYITHI:www.jindalaisteel.com
Ixesha lokuthumela: Disemba-19-2022
