Ukwaziswa kwe-acid yokuthatha kunye nokudluliselwa
Imibhobho yensimbi isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumashishini ahlukeneyo ngenxa yokuqina kwabo, amandla, kunye nokunganyangeki. Nangona kunjalo, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwabo ngokuchanekileyo kunye nobomi obude, kubalulekile ukuba uphumeze ngeendlela ezifanelekileyo zonyango ezinje ngentsimbi yokuthathwa kwensimbi kunye nokudlula. Le bhlog ijolise ekuchitheni ukukhanya ngokubaluleka kwezi nkqubo ekwandiseni umgangatho kunye nokuqina kwemibhobho yentsimbi.
ICandelo 1: Ithini i-Steel?
Ukuthathwa kwensimbi yinkqubo yemichiza ebandakanya ukususwa kokungcola, ezinje ngengqongqo, ubungakanani, kunye ne-oxides, ukusuka kumphezulu wemibhobho yentsimbi. Eyona njongo iphambili yokukhetha kukucoca indawo yentsimbi, ilungiselela unyango olulandelayo lonyango olulandelayo njengokudluliselwa.
Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuthathwa, imibhobho yentsimbi intywiliselwa kwisisombululo se-acidic, eqhelekileyo equka i-hydrochloric okanye i-sulfuric acid. I-acid iphinda iphendule ngokungcola, ukunyibilikisa nokushenxisa kumgangatho wentsimbi, ishiya igqibile kwaye igudileyo.
ICandelo 2: Inkqubo yokuHanjiswa:
Inkqubo yokutyikitya ibandakanya amanyathelo aliqela okuqinisekisa ukususwa okusebenzayo kokungcola kwimibhobho yentsimbi:
Inyathelo loku-1: Ukuhlekisa: Ngaphambi kokuzithandela, imibhobho yentsimbi icinyiwe ukuba isuse nayiphi na ioyile, igrisi, okanye ubumdaka bekhona kumphezulu. Eli nyathelo liqinisekisa ukuba i-acid inokunxibelelana ngokuthe ngqo nokungcola kumphezulu wensimbi.
Inyathelo 2: Intsali ye-Acid: Imibhobho eshiyiweyo yenziwa emva koko yantywiliselwa kwisisombululo se-acid acid. Ixesha lokuntywiliselwa lixhomekeke kwizinto ezinje ngohlobo kunye nobungqingqwa bokulala kwe-oxide. Ngexesha lokuntywiliselwa, kubalulekile ukubeka iliso kubushushu kunye nokugxininiswa kwe-acid ukufezekisa iziphumo ozifunayo.
Inyathelo 3: I-Acid Hinese: Emva kwenkqubo yokuthathwa, imibhobho inyibilikiswe ngokupheleleyo ngamanzi ukuze asuse nayiphi na i-acid ye-Acid. Eli nyathelo libalulekile ukuthintela nayiphi na into enokubakho yemichiza enokwenzeka ngexesha lonyango olulandelayo.
ICandelo 3: Ukubaluleka kweNtlalo yentsimbi:
Inkqubo yokuhamba kwensimbi ibonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi zemipipi yentsimbi:
I-1. Ukususwa kunye nokususwa okuphanga: Ukuthathwa ngokufanelekileyo kuthoba i-runust kunye nenqanaba ukusuka kumgangatho wentsimbi. Ezi zinto zinokungcola zinokuthoba ingqibelelo kunye nokubonakala kwemibhobho, kukhokelela ekunxibe kwangaphambili kunye nokusilela kwezakhiwo.
2. Ukuphuculwa kokunganyangeki kwe-corrosion: ngokususa ukungcola, ukuthathwa kudala indawo ecocekileyo nengenasidima, ekwandisa ukumelana nentsimbi. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwimibhobho esetyenziswa kwiindawo ezinobunzima okanye ezivezwe kwiikhemikhali kunye nokufuma.
3. Unamatheko ophuculweyo: Ukukhetha ukulungisa umhlaba ngentsimbi ngokwenza ubume obuqhelekileyo, ukuvumela iingubo okanye unyango lokulandela ngqo. Oku kuqinisekisa ukubambelela ngakumbi kwiipeyinti ezikhuselayo okanye iingubo, negalelo kwixesha elide lokuqina kwemibhobho yentsimbi.
ICandelo 4: Ukuqonda iDespalotion:
Emva kokuzithandela, imibhobho yentsimbi isebenza kwinkqubo yokuphumelela ukuze kudale ungqimba olukhuselayo kumphezulu. Oku kufezekiswa ngokufumana imibhobho kwiarhente edlulayo, ngokwesiqhelo isisombululo esinxilisayo se-nitric acid.
Ukudluliselwa kwe-Deapile, ifilimu ebonakalayo ye-chromium oxide kumphezulu wensimbi, esebenza njengomqobo ngokuchasene nokungabikho. Lo mthetho uyanceda ekugcineni isibheno sentsimbi yentsimbi ngelixa kuncitshiswa umngcipheko wokothuka okanye ulahleko.
Icandelo le-5: Izibonelelo zokudlula:
Ukudluliselwa kwedlelane kunika izibonelelo eziphambili kwimibhobho yentsimbi:
I-1. Ukuxhathisa i-Interrosion: Ukuqulunqwa kwe-OXOR ye-OXATY ye-oxide esungulwa kakhulu kukunganyangeki kwentsimbi, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimfuno zobomi ezinde kunye nezincitshisiweyo.
2. Isibheno esithandekayo: Ukudluliselwa kwe-aesthetic kunceda ukugcina imbonakalo yemibhobho yentsimbi ngokunciphisa amathuba amangaphezulu komhlaba, ukuguqula, okanye amabala omhla. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwimibhobho esetyenziswa kwizicelo zoyilo okanye ekuhlobeni ukuhombisa.
I-3. IMpilo kunye nezokhuseleko: Ukudluliselwa kudala i-Interter ye-Interter, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokunikezela ngentsimbi okanye ungcoliseko, ngakumbi kwimibhobho esetyenziselwa ukudlulisa amanzi okusela okanye iimveliso zokutya.
ISIQINISEKISO:
Ukuqukumbela, ukuthathwa kwensimbi kunye nokudluliselwa kwamanqanaba ngamanyathelo abalulekileyo kwiinkqubo zonyango ezingaphezulu kwemibhobho yentsimbi. Ukususwa okusebenzayo kokungcola ngokuhamba, ukulandelwa kokusekwa kocando lwe-oxcide oxide ekudlule, ukuxhathisa kakhulu ukunyangwa, ukumelana nokuziphatha okuhle, kunye nokubhena kwezesipikithi. Ngokuqonda ukubaluleka kwezi nkqubo, amashishini anokuqinisekisa ubuchwephesha kunye nokuthembeka kwemibhobho yentsimbi kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo, ekugqibeleni kukhokelela ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kunye nolwaneliseko lwabathengi.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: UMar-30 ukuya kwi-2024