Kukho iindlela ezilishumi ezisetyenziswa rhoqo zokucima kwinqubo yokunyanga ubushushu, kuquka ukucima i-single medium (amanzi, ioyile, umoya); ukucima i-dual medium; ukucima i-martensite graded; indlela yokucima i-martensite graded ngaphantsi kwe-Ms point; indlela yokucima i-bainite isothermal; indlela yokucima i-compound; indlela yokucima i-isothermal ngaphambi kokupholisa; indlela yokucima i-cooling cooling; indlela yokucima i-self-tempering; indlela yokucima i-spray, njl.
1. Ukucima isixhobo esinye (amanzi, ioyile, umoya)
Ukucima okuphakathi (amanzi, ioyile, umoya): Isiqwenga somsebenzi esifudunyezwe kubushushu bokucima sitshintshwa sibe sisixhobo sokucima ukuze siphole ngokupheleleyo. Le yindlela elula yokucima kwaye idla ngokusetyenziswa kwiziqwenga zomsebenzi zentsimbi yekhabhoni kunye nentsimbi ye-alloy enemilo elula. Isiqwenga sokucima sikhethwa ngokwe-coefficient yokudlulisa ubushushu, ukuqina, ubungakanani, imilo, njl.njl. yenxalenye.
2. Ukucima okuphakathi kabini
Ukucima okuphakathi kabini: Isixhobo somsebenzi esifudunyezwayo ukuya kubushushu bokucima siqala sipholiswe ukuze sisondele kwi-Ms point kwindawo yokucima enomthamo wokupholisa onamandla, size emva koko sidluliselwe kwindawo yokucima epholileyo kancinci ukuze siphole ukuya kubushushu begumbi ukuze sifikelele kumanqanaba obushushu okupholisa ahlukeneyo kwaye sibe nesantya sokupholisa esifanelekileyo. Le ndlela idla ngokusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezineemilo ezintsonkothileyo okanye izinto ezinkulu ezenziwe ngentsimbi ye-carbon ephezulu kunye nentsimbi ye-alloy. Iintsimbi zezixhobo ze-carbon nazo zihlala zisetyenziswa. Izixhobo zokupholisa ezisetyenziswa rhoqo ziquka ioyile yamanzi, i-nitrate yamanzi, umoya wamanzi, kunye nomoya weoyile. Ngokubanzi, amanzi asetyenziswa njengendawo yokucima epholileyo ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ioyile okanye umoya usetyenziswa njengendawo yokucima epholileyo kancinci. Umoya awusetyenziswa rhoqo.
3. Ukucima okunezinga leMartensite
Ukucima okunemigangatho yeMartensitic: intsimbi iyaguquguqulwa ibe yi-austenit, ize emva koko ifakwe kwindawo engamanzi (ibhafu yetyuwa okanye ibhafu ye-alkali) enobushushu obuphezulu kancinci okanye obuphantsi kancinci kune-Martensite ephezulu yentsimbi, kwaye igcinwe ixesha elifanelekileyo de kube yimiphezulu yangaphakathi nangaphandle yeendawo zentsimbi. Emva kokuba iileya zifikelele kubushushu obuphakathi, ziyakhutshwa ukuze zipholise umoya, kwaye i-austenite epholileyo iguqulwa kancinci ibe yi-martensite ngexesha lenkqubo yokucima. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa izinto zokusebenza ezincinci ezineemilo ezintsonkothileyo kunye neemfuno ezingqongqo zokuguqulwa. Le ndlela ikwasetyenziswa rhoqo ekucimeni izixhobo zentsimbi ekhawulezayo kunye nentsimbi ene-alloy ephezulu kunye nee-molds.
4. Indlela yokucima enemigangatho yeMartensite ngaphantsi kwe-Ms point
Indlela yokucima iMartensite ngokwezinga eliphantsi kweNqanaba likaMs: Xa ubushushu bokuhlamba buphantsi kuneNqanaba likaMs lentsimbi yomsebenzi kwaye buphezulu kuneNqanaba likaMf, i-workpiece iphola ngokukhawuleza ebhafini, kwaye iziphumo ezifanayo nezokucima ngokwezinga zisenokufumaneka xa ubungakanani bukhulu. Ihlala isetyenziswa kwi-workpieces zentsimbi ezinkulu ezinokuqina okuphantsi.
5. Indlela yokucima i-Bainite isothermal
Indlela yokucima i-bainite isothermal: Isixhobo somsebenzi sicinywa singene ebhafini enobushushu obuphantsi be-banite bentsimbi kunye ne-isothermal, ukuze utshintsho oluphantsi lwe-banite lwenzeke, kwaye luhlala lugcinwe ebhafini imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-60. Inkqubo yokucima i-banite inamanyathelo amathathu aphambili: ① unyango lwe-austenitizing; ② unyango lokupholisa emva kokupholisa; ③ unyango lwe-banite isothermal; olusetyenziswa rhoqo kwintsimbi ye-alloy, intsimbi enekhabhoni eninzi kunye neentsimbi ezicociweyo.
6. Indlela yokucima i-compound
Indlela yokucima i-compound: qala ucime i-workpiece ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-Ms ukuze ufumane i-martensite ene-volume fraction ye-10% ukuya kwi-30%, uze emva koko u-isotherm kwindawo esezantsi ye-bainite ukuze ufumane izakhiwo ze-martensite kunye ne-bainite ze-workpieces ezinkulu ezinqamlezileyo. Isetyenziswa rhoqo njengezixhobo zentsimbi ze-Alloy.
7. Indlela yokucima ngaphambi kokuba kuphole kwaye i-isothermal
Indlela yokucima i-isothermal ngaphambi kokupholisa: ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-heating isothermal quenching, la malungu aqala apholiswe kwibhafu enobushushu obuphantsi (obungaphezulu kuno-Ms), aze emva koko adluliselwe kwibhafu enobushushu obuphezulu ukuze kubangele ukuba i-austenite itshintshe i-isothermal. Ifanelekile kwiindawo zentsimbi ezinobunzima obuphantsi okanye izinto ezinkulu zokusebenza ekufuneka zithanjiswe.
8. Indlela yokulibazisa ukupholisa nokucima
Indlela yokucima ukupholisa okulibazisekileyo: Ezi ndawo ziqala zipholiswe emoyeni, emanzini ashushu, okanye zihlanjwe ngetyuwa ukuya kubushushu obuphezulu kancinci kune-Ar3 okanye i-Ar1, emva koko kwenziwa ukucima okuphakathi. Ihlala isetyenziselwa iindawo ezineemilo ezintsonkothileyo kunye nobukhulu obahlukeneyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kwaye zifuna ukuguqulwa okuncinci.
9. Indlela yokuzicima nokuzibamba
Indlela yokuzicima nokuzilungisa: Lonke uhlobo lomsebenzi oluza kucutshungulwa luyafudunyezwa, kodwa ngexesha lokuzilungisa, kuphela inxalenye ekufuneka iqiniswe (ngokuqhelekileyo inxalenye esebenzayo) entywiliselwa kulwelo lokuzilungisa ize ipholiswe. Xa umbala womlilo wenxalenye engantywiliselwanga unyamalala, yikhuphe ngoko nangoko emoyeni. Inkqubo yokuzilungisa ephakathi. Indlela yokuzilungisa nokuzilungisa isebenzisa ubushushu obuvela embindini obungapholiswanga ngokupheleleyo ukuze budluliselwe kumphezulu ukuze bufudumale umphezulu. Izixhobo ezisetyenziswa rhoqo ukumelana neempembelelo ezifana neetshiseli, iimpondo, iihamile, njl.
10. Indlela yokucima isitshizi
Indlela yokutshiza isitshizi: Indlela yokutshiza apho amanzi atshizwa khona kwindawo yokusebenza. Ukuhamba kwamanzi kunokuba kukhulu okanye kube kuncinci, kuxhomekeke kubunzulu bokutshiza obufunekayo. Indlela yokutshiza isitshizi ayibangeli ifilimu yomphunga kumphezulu wendawo yokusebenza, ngaloo ndlela iqinisekisa umaleko oqinileyo kunowokutshiza amanzi. Isetyenziswa kakhulu ekutshizeni umphezulu wendawo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Epreli-08-2024
