1. IiPropati zeMechanical zeNsimbi eNgatyiwayo
Iipropati ezifunekayo zoomatshini zidla ngokunikezelwa kwiinkcukacha zokuthengwa kwentsimbi engenasici. Ubuncinci beempawu zoomatshini zikwanikezelwa yimigangatho eyahlukeneyo enxulumene nemathiriyeli kunye nefom yemveliso. Ukudibana nezi mpawu zisemgangathweni zoomatshini kubonisa ukuba imathiriyeli yenziwe ngokufanelekileyo kwisistim esisemgangathweni esifanelekileyo. Iinjineli zinokusebenzisa ngokuzithemba izinto kwizakhiwo ezihlangabezana nemithwalo ekhuselekileyo yokusebenza kunye noxinzelelo.
Iipropati zoomatshini ezibaluliweyo kwiimveliso ezisongwe ezimcaba zikholisa ukomelela, uxinzelelo lwesivuno (okanye ubungqina boxinzelelo), ubude kunye nokuqina kweBrinell okanye iRockwell. Iimfuno zepropathi zebha, ityhubhu, umbhobho kunye nezifakelo zichaza amandla okuqina kunye noxinzelelo lwesivuno.
2. Ukuvelisa Ukomelela Kwentsimbi EngenaStainless
Ngokungafaniyo neentsimbi ezithambileyo, ukomelela kwemveliso yentsimbi engatyiwa yi austenitic ngumlinganiselo ophantsi kakhulu wamandla okuqina. Amandla emveliso yentsimbi ephakathi aqhelekile yi-65-70% yamandla okuqina. Eli nani lidla ngokuba yi-40-45% kuphela kwintsapho ye-austenitic stainless.
Ukusebenza okubandayo ngokukhawuleza kwaye kwandisa kakhulu amandla esivuno. Ezinye iintlobo zentsimbi engenastainless, njengocingo olupholileyo lwasentwasahlobo, zinokusetyenzwa ngokubanda ukuphakamisa amandla esivuno ukuya kuma-80-95% wamandla okuqina.
3. Ukudubuleka kweNsimbi engatyiwayo
Ukudityaniswa kwamazinga aphezulu okuqina komsebenzi kunye nobude obuphezulu / ukudumba kwenza intsimbi engatyiwayo ibe lula ukuyenza. Ngolu luhlu lwepropathi, insimbi engenasici inokonakala kakhulu kwimisebenzi efana nomzobo onzulu.
I-Ductility idla ngokulinganiswa njenge-% yobude phambi kokwaphuka ngexesha lovavanyo lwe-tensile. Iintsimbi ze-austenitic ezifakwe kwi-Annealed zinobude obuphezulu. Amanani aqhelekileyo angama-60-70%.
4. Ukuqina kweStainless Steel
Ubunzima kukuchasana nokungena kwendawo yezinto eziphathekayo. Abavavanyi bobulukhuni balinganisa ubunzulu ukuba i-indenter eqine kakhulu inokutyhalelwa kumphezulu wemathiriyeli. Kusetyenziswa oomatshini iBrinell, Rockwell kunye neVickers. Nganye kwezi ine-indenter emile eyahlukileyo kunye nendlela yokusebenzisa amandla awaziwayo. Ukuguqulwa phakathi kwezikali ezahlukeneyo ke ngoko kuqikelelwa kuphela.
IMartensitic kunye nemvula eyenza lukhuni amabakala anokwenziwa lukhuni ngonyango lobushushu. Amanye amabakala anokwenziwa lukhuni ngokusebenza okubandayo.
5. Ukomelela kweNtsimbi eNgatyiwayo
Amandla okuqina ngokuqhelekileyo kuphela kwepropathi yomatshini efunekayo ukuchaza ibha kunye neemveliso zocingo. Amabakala eemathiriyeli afanayo anokusetyenziswa kumandla ahlukeneyo okuqina kwizicelo ezahluke ngokupheleleyo. Amandla okuqina anikezelweyo ebar kunye neemveliso zocingo zihambelana ngqo nokusetyenziswa kokugqibela emva kokwenziwa.
Ucingo lwasentwasahlobo luthanda ukuba namandla aphezulu emva kokwenziwa. Amandla aphezulu anikezelwa ngokusebenza okubandayo kwimithombo ejiyileyo. Ngaphandle kwala mandla aphakamileyo ucingo alunakusebenza kakuhle njengentwasahlobo.
Amandla okuqina anjalo aphezulu awafuneki ukuba ucingo lusetyenziswe ekwenzeni okanye kwiinkqubo zokuluka. Ucingo okanye ibha esetyenziswa njengezinto ezikrwada zokuqhobosha, njengeebholiti kunye nezikrufu, kufuneka ithambe ngokwaneleyo ukuze intloko kunye nomsonto zenziwe kodwa zibe zomelele ngokwaneleyo ukuze zisebenze ngokwaneleyo enkonzweni.
Iintsapho ezahlukeneyo zentsimbi engatyiwa zithande ukuba namandla ahlukeneyo okuqina kunye nesivuno. La mandla aqhelekileyo ezinto ezifakiweyo achazwe kwiTheyibhile yoku-1.
Itheyibhile 1. Amandla aqhelekileyo ensimbi engenastainless efakwe kwiintsapho ezahlukeneyo
| Tensile strength | Unikeze Amandla | |
| I-Austenitic | 600 | 250 |
| I-Duplex | 700 | 450 |
| I-Ferritic | 500 | 280 |
| IMartensitic | 650 | 350 |
| Imvula Ukuqina | 1100 | 1000 |
6. IiPropati zoMzimba zeNtsimbi engatyiwa
● Ukumelana nokubola
● Ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kunye nokuphantsi
● Ukwenziwa lula
● Ukomelela Okuphakamileyo
● Isibheno sobuhle
● Ucoceko nokuba lula kokucoca
● Umjikelo wobomi obude
● Iya kuphinda isetyenziswe
● Ukungena kwemagnethi ephantsi
7. Ukunyangwa kweNgxowa yentsimbi
Ukumelana ne-corrosion efanelekileyo luphawu lwazo zonke iintsimbi ezingenasici. Amabakala aphantsi anokuxhathisa i-corrosion kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo. I-alloys ephezulu ixhathisa ukubola ngobuninzi be-acids, isisombululo se-alkaline kunye neendawo zekloridi.
Ukuxhatshazwa kwe-corrosion yensimbi engenasici kubangelwa umxholo wabo we-chromium. Ngokubanzi, intsimbi engenastainless iqulathe ubuncinci obumalunga ne-10.5% yechromium. Ichromium ekwialloyi yenza umaleko weoksidi okhuselayo oziphilisayo owenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo emoyeni. Ubume bokuziphilisa bomaleko we-oxide kuthetha ukuba ukuxhathisa komhlwa kuhlala kungaguquki nokuba zeziphi iindlela zokwenziwa. Nokuba umphezulu wemathiriyeli usikiwe okanye wonakele, uya kuziphilisa ngokwawo kwaye uxhathiso ku-corrosion luya kugcinwa.
8. Ukumelana nobushushu obugqithisileyo
Amanye amabakala entsimbi anokuxhathisa ukukala kwaye agcine amandla aphezulu kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu. Amanye amabakala agcina iimpawu eziphezulu zemishini kumaqondo okushisa e-cryogenic.
Amandla aphezulu eNtsimbi engatyiwa
Uyilo lwamacandelo kunye neendlela zokwenza izinto zingatshintshwa ukuze kusetyenziswe ukuqina komsebenzi weentsimbi ezingenasici ezenzeka xa zibanda. Amandla aphezulu anesiphumo anokuvumela ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezincinci, ezikhokelela kubunzima obuphantsi kunye neendleko.
IQela leNsimbi leJindalai nguMvelisi ohamba phambili kunye noMthengisi ngaphandle kwentsimbi yentsimbi engatyiwayo/icwecwe/ipleyiti/umcu/umbhobho. Ukufumana ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-20 yophuhliso kwiimarike zamazwe ngamazwe kwaye ngoku sinemizi-mveliso emi-2 enomthamo wemveliso ongaphezu kweetoni ezingama-400,000 ngonyaka. Ukuba ufuna ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nemathiriyeli yensimbi engenasici, wamkelekile ukuba uqhagamshelane nathi namhlanje okanye ucele ikowuti.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-19-2022