Kwinqanaba elikhulu lorhwebo lwentsimbi yehlabathi, imigangatho yentsimbi ifana nabalawuli abachanekileyo, ukulinganisa umgangatho kunye neenkcukacha zeemveliso. Imigangatho yentsimbi kumazwe ahlukeneyo kunye nemimandla yahlukile, njengezitayile ezahlukeneyo zomculo, nganye idlala ingoma eyahlukileyo. Kwiinkampani ezibandakanyekayo kurhwebo lwentsimbi lwamazwe ngamazwe, ukulawula ngokuchanekileyo uthelekiso lwebakala lezinto eziphathekayo phakathi kwale migangatho sisitshixo sokuvula umnyango worhwebo oluyimpumelelo. Ayinakuqinisekisa kuphela ukuba intsimbi ehlangabezana neemfuno ithengwa, kodwa iphinde igweme iingxabano ezahlukahlukeneyo ezibangelwa ukungaqondi kakuhle kwemigangatho yokuthengisa, kunye nokunciphisa iingozi zorhwebo. Namhlanje, siza kugxila kwintsimbi yaseRashiya esemgangathweni kunye nentsimbi yaseTshayina, sihlalutye ngokunzulu uthelekiso lwebakala lezinto eziphathekayo phakathi kwabo, kwaye sihlolisise imfihlelo.
Ukutolikwa kwebakala laseTshayina lezinto ezisemgangathweni zentsimbi
Inkqubo esemgangathweni yentsimbi yaseTshayina ifana nesakhiwo esihle, esingqongqo kunye nesicwangcisiweyo. Kule nkqubo, i-carbon structural steel steel imelwe ngamabakala afana ne-Q195, i-Q215, i-Q235 kunye ne-Q275. "Q" imele amandla esivuno, kwaye inani lixabiso lamandla esivuno kwi-megapascals. Ukuthatha i-Q235 njengomzekelo, inomxholo wekhabhoni ophakathi, ukusebenza kakuhle okubanzi, amandla alungelelanisiweyo, iplastiki kunye nokusebenza kwe-welding, kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizakhiwo zokwakha kunye nezobunjineli, ezifana nezakhelo zezityalo zokwakha, iinqaba zokuhambisa i-voltage ephezulu, njl.
I-low-alloy high-strength steel nayo idlala indima ephambili kwiinkalo ezininzi, ezifana ne-Q345, i-Q390 kunye namanye amabakala. Intsimbi ye-Q345 ineepropati ezigqwesileyo ezibanzi zoomatshini, iipropathi ze-welding, iipropathi ezishushu nezibandayo zokusetyenzwa kunye nokumelana nomhlwa. Intsimbi ye-C, D kunye ne-E ye-Q345 inobushushu obuphantsi kwaye idla ngokusetyenziswa kwiindawo zesakhiwo ezifakwe kwi-welded ezifana neenqanawa, iibhoyila kunye neenqanawa zoxinzelelo. Umgangatho walo womgangatho usuka ku-A ukuya ku-E. Njengoko umxholo wokungcola uyancipha, ubunzima bempembelelo buyanda, kwaye buyakwazi ukuziqhelanisa neendawo zokusetyenziswa ezingqongqo.
Uhlalutyo lwamabakala aseRashiya asemgangathweni wensimbi
Inkqubo yentsimbi yaseRashiya igxile kumgangatho weGOST, njengephazili ekhethekileyo enengqiqo yayo yokwakha. Kuluhlu lwayo lwensimbi ye-carbon structural, amabakala ensimbi afana ne-CT3 aqhelekileyo. Olu hlobo lwentsimbi lunomxholo wekhabhoni ophakathi kwaye lusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimveliso yoomatshini, ukwakhiwa kunye nezinye iindawo, ezifana nokuveliswa kweminye imimandla emincinci yomatshini, kunye nokwakhiwa kweentsika kunye neentsika kwizakhiwo eziqhelekileyo zokwakha.
Ngokubhekiselele kwi-alloy-alloy high-high-strength steel, amabakala afana ne-09G2С enza ngokugqwesileyo. Inomlinganiselo ofanelekileyo wezinto ze-alloy, amandla aphezulu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-welding, kwaye ihlala isetyenziselwa ukwenza iindawo ezinkulu zesakhiwo ezifana neebhulorho kunye neenqanawa. Ekwakhiweni kwebhulorho, inokumelana nemithwalo emikhulu kunye novavanyo lwendalo yendalo ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwebhuloho. Kwiiprojekthi zokubeka i-oyile kunye negesi yaseRashiya, isinyithi esihlangabezana nemigangatho yaseRashiya sinokubonakala rhoqo. Ngokumelana nokugqwesa okugqwesileyo kunye namandla aphezulu, baqhelana neemeko ezinzima ze-geological kunye nemozulu kwaye baqinisekise ukhuseleko lokuthuthwa kwamandla. Xa kuthelekiswa nemigangatho yaseTshayina, i-steels esemgangathweni yaseRashiya inomahluko kumalungiselelo kunye neemfuno zokusebenza zezinto ezithile, kwaye lo mahluko ukhokelela kwiimpawu zabo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zesicelo.
Ukuthelekisa iinkcukacha zamabakala ezinto zentsimbi phakathi kweTshayina neRashiya
Ukuze ubonise ngokubonakalayo ngakumbi ubudlelwane bebakala lokuthelekisa phakathi kwentsimbi esemgangathweni yaseRashiya kunye nentsimbi yaseTshayina esemgangathweni, oku kulandelayo yitshathi yokuthelekisa yeentsimbi eziqhelekileyo:
Thatha intsimbi yombhobho njengomzekelo. Kwiprojekthi ye-Sino-Russian ye-cooperative energy pipeline, ukuba icala laseRashiya lisebenzisa intsimbi ye-K48, icala laseTshayina lingasebenzisa intsimbi ye-L360 endaweni yoko. Ezi zimbini zineentsebenzo ezifanayo ngamandla kunye nokuqina, kwaye zinokuhlangabezana neemfuno zombhobho wokumelana noxinzelelo lwangaphakathi kunye nokusingqongileyo kwangaphandle. Kwintsimi yokwakha, xa iiprojekthi zokwakha zaseRashiya zisebenzisa i-C345 yensimbi, i-China ye-Q345 yensimbi nayo inokwenza umsebenzi omhle kunye neempawu ezifanayo zomatshini kunye ne-weldability efanelekileyo yokuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwesakhiwo sokwakha. Olu thekiso lwebakala lemathiriyeli lubalulekile kurhwebo lokwenyani nobunjineli. Inokunceda iinkampani zifanise ngokuchanekileyo iimfuno xa kuthengwa kwaye zisebenzisa intsimbi, ukukhetha ngokufanelekileyo intsimbi, ukunciphisa iindleko, ukukhuthaza uphuhliso olugudileyo lwezorhwebo lwentsimbi yaseSino-Russian, kunye nokubonelela ngenkxaso eqinile yokuphunyezwa ngempumelelo kweeprojekthi ezahlukeneyo zobunjineli.
Khetha iJindalai ukuvula isahluko esitsha kwintsebenziswano yentsimbi
Kwihlabathi elikhulu lorhwebo lwentsimbi yaseSino-Russian, iJindalai Steel Company ifana nenkwenkwezi eqaqambileyo, eqaqambileyo. Sihlala sibambelela ekusukeleni okuzingileyo komgangatho. Ukusuka ekuthengeni izinto ezikrwada ukuya kwimveliso kunye nokusetyenzwa, silawula ngokungqongqo yonke inkqubo yokuqinisekisa ukuba ibhetshi nganye yentsimbi idibana okanye ide idlule imigangatho efanelekileyo, sibonelela abathengi ngesiqinisekiso somgangatho wemveliso.
Ngezixhobo zemveliso eziphambili kunye nenkqubo yokulawula esebenzayo, sinamandla okubonelela ngamandla. Ingaba i-batch encinci yee-odolo eziphuthumayo okanye intsebenziswano enkulu yexesha elide, sinokuphendula ngokukhawuleza, ukuhambisa ngexesha kunye nobuninzi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zabathengi. Sazi kakuhle ukuba inkonzo ekumgangatho ophezulu isisiseko sentsebenziswano. Iqela lokuthengisa elichwephesha lihlala lilungele ukubonelela abathengi ngoluhlu olupheleleyo lweenkonzo zokubonisana. Ukusuka ekukhethweni kwemveliso ukuya ekuhanjisweni kwezinto, zonke ikhonkco zicwangciswe ngononophelo ukuvumela abathengi bangabi naxhala.
Ukuba unayo nayiphi na imfuno ekuthengeni insimbi, nokuba unomdla kwintsimbi yentsimbi yaseRashiya okanye intsimbi yaseTshayina, nceda ukhululeke ukudibana nathi. Sijonge phambili ekusebenzisaneni nawe ukuvula isahluko esitsha sentsebenziswano yensimbi kunye nokudala ubuqaqawuli ngakumbi kwinqanaba le-Sino-Russian steel trade.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-09-2025