Xa kufikwa kwiintsimbi ezisetyenziswa ekutshiseni ubushushu, kufuneka sikhankanye ishishini lokunyanga ubushushu; xa kufikwa kunyango lobushushu, kufuneka sithethe ngemililo emithathu yemizi-mveliso, ukutshiza, ukucima, kunye nokuthambisa. Ngoko ke yintoni umahluko phakathi kwezi zintathu?
(Inye). Iintlobo zokutsalela
1. Ukutsalwa okupheleleyo kunye nokutsalwa kwe-isothermal
I-annealing epheleleyo ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-recrystallization annealing, ebizwa ngokuba yi-annealing. Le annealing isetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukwenziwa kwe-castings, i-forgings kunye neeprofayili ezi-hot-rolled zeentsimbi ezahlukeneyo ze-carbon kunye neentsimbi ze-alloy ezinee-hypoeutectoid compositions, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha isetyenziselwa izakhiwo ezidibeneyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziswa njengonyango lokugqibela lobushushu kwezinye izinto ezingabalulekanga, okanye njengonyango lwangaphambi kobushushu kwezinye izinto zokusebenza.
2. i-spheroidizing annealing
I-spheroidizing annealing isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-hypereutectoid carbon steel kunye ne-alloy tool steel (ezifana neentlobo zentsimbi ezisetyenziswa ekwenzeni izixhobo zokusika, izixhobo zokulinganisa, kunye neemold). Injongo yayo ephambili kukunciphisa ubulukhuni, ukuphucula ukusebenza kwe-machinability, kunye nokulungiselela ukucima okulandelayo.
3. Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo
Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo loxinzelelo kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-annealing yobushushu obuphantsi (okanye ukufudumala kobushushu obuphezulu). Olu hlobo lokunciphisa uxinzelelo lusetyenziswa kakhulu ekupheliseni uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo kwii-castings, forgings, welding parts, hot-rolled parts, cold-drawn parts, njl. Ukuba olu xinzelelo alususwanga, luya kubangela ukuba iindawo zentsimbi zijike okanye ziqhekeke emva kwexesha elithile okanye ngexesha leenkqubo zokusika ezilandelayo.
(Ezimbini). Ukucima
Iindlela eziphambili ezisetyenziselwa ukuphucula ubulukhuni kukufudumeza, ukugcina ubushushu, kunye nokupholisa ngokukhawuleza. Ezona ndawo zisetyenziswa kakhulu zokupholisa ziityuwa, amanzi kunye neoyile. Indawo yokusebenza ecinyiweyo emanzini anetyuwa kulula ukuyifumana ubulukhuni obuphezulu kunye nomphezulu ogudileyo, kwaye ayithambekeli kwiindawo ezithambileyo ezingacinywanga, kodwa kulula ukubangela ukuguquka okukhulu kwendawo yokusebenza kunye nokuqhekeka. Ukusetyenziswa kweoyile njengendawo yokucima kufanelekile kuphela ekucimeni ezinye iintsimbi ze-alloy okanye iinxalenye zokusebenza ze-carbon steel ezincinci apho uzinzo lwe-austenite epholileyo kakhulu lukhulu.
(Ezintathu). Ukunciphisa
1. Nciphisa ukubuthathaka kwaye ususe okanye unciphise uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi. Emva kokucima, iindawo zentsimbi ziya kuba noxinzelelo olukhulu lwangaphakathi kunye nokubuthathaka. Ukuba azithomalaliswanga ngexesha, iindawo zentsimbi zihlala ziguquguquka okanye ziqhekeke.
2. Fumana iipropati zoomatshini ezifunekayo zesixhobo somsebenzi. Emva kokucima, isixhobo somsebenzi sinobunzima obuphezulu kunye nokuqhekeka okuphezulu. Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zomsebenzi, ubunzima bungalungiswa ngokuthambisa ngokufanelekileyo, ukunciphisa ukuqhekeka kunye nokufumana ubunzima obufunekayo. Ukuqina.
3. Ubungakanani be-workpiece ezinzileyo
4. Kwezinye iintsimbi ze-alloy ezinzima ukuzithambisa ngokuziqhoboshela, ukufudumala okushushu okuphezulu kudla ngokusetyenziswa emva kokucima (okanye ukulungisa) ukuqokelela ngokufanelekileyo ii-carbides kwintsimbi nokunciphisa ubunzima ukuze kube lula ukusika.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Epreli-10-2024
